Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Fair Value

v3.23.1
Fair Value
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value  
Fair Value

Note 15 Fair Value


Fair Value Measurement  Contingent Consideration                 

In connection with our acquisition of 365 Cannabis in October 2021, the 365 Cannabis selling shareholders had the potential to earn contingent consideration payable in Common Stock or cash if certain revenue criteria were met. The fair value of the contingent consideration, or Earn-out Obligation, on the date of acquisition of 365 Cannabis was $6.3 million. The Earn-out Obligation was reduced by $3.0 million in September 2022 in connection with the finalization of the purchase accounting associated with the acquisition of 365 Cannabis. The carrying amount of the Earn-out Obligation was further reduced to its fair value of $2.3 million on December 31, 2022 in connection with the sale of 365 Cannabis that was completed in January 2023. The corresponding adjustments have been reflected in the loss from discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2022.


We value contingent consideration using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow model, which incorporates inputs that are not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined in GAAP. The unobservable inputs utilized for measuring the fair value of the contingent consideration reflect managements own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in valuing the contingent consideration as of the valuation date, as well as our knowledge of specific transactions that effect the calculation.

Fair Value Option Election – Convertible Notes

We elected to account for both the Senior Convertible Notes and the 2020 Notes by applying the fair value option. Under the fair value option, the financial liability is initially measured at its issue-date estimated fair value and subsequently remeasured at its estimated fair value on a recurring basis at each reporting period date. The change in estimated fair value resulting from changes in instrument-specific credit risk is recorded in Other comprehensive income as a component of stockholders equity (deficit). The remaining estimated fair value adjustment is presented as a single line item within Other income (expense) in our consolidated statement of operations under the caption, Change in fair value of convertible notes

For the 2020 Notes and Senior Convertible Notes, which are measured at fair value categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, the following is a reconciliation of the fair values for the periods presented:


2020 Notes



Ending fair value balance - December 31, 2020

 

$

13,398,000

 

Principal payments in cash and Common Stock

(15,172,727 )
Change in fair value reported in the statements of operations

2,030,904
Change in fair value reported in other comprehensive income

(70,000 )
Gain on extinguishment of debt reported in the statement of operations

(186,177 )
Ending fair value balance - October 5, 2021
$


For the Senior Secured Notes, which are measured at fair value categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, the following is a reconciliation of the fair values from October 5, 2021 to December 31, 2022:

Senior Convertible Notes



Beginning fair value balance on October 5, 2021

 

$

18,000,000

 

Principal payments in cash and Common Stock

Change in fair value reported in the statements of operations

(665,000 )
Change in fair value reported in other comprehensive income 

(30,000 )
Ending fair value balance - December 31, 2021
$ 17,305,000
Principal payments in cash and Common Stock

(5,337,273 )
Change in fair value reported in the statements of operations

2,884,273
Change in fair value reported in other comprehensive income 

(245,000 )
Ending fair value balance - December 31, 2022
$ 14,607,000

 


The estimated fair value of the Senior Convertible Notes and the 2020 Notes were computed using Monte Carlo simulations, which incorporates significant inputs that are not observable in the market, and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined by GAAP.  The unobservable inputs utilized for measuring the fair value of the Senior Convertible Notes and the 2020 Notes reflect our assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in valuing the Senior Convertible Notes and 2020 Notes as of the issuance date and subsequent reporting periods. 


We determined the fair value of the Senior Convertible Notes by using the following key inputs to the Monte Carlo Simulation Model:








As of December 31,

Fair Value Assumptions - Senior Convertible Notes


2022

 


2021

 

Face value principal payable


$ 14,662,727

  


$

20,000,000

  

Conversion prices, as adjusted for the Reverse Stock Split and certain securities offerings


$ 4.75

 


$

4.05

 

Value of Common Stock on measurement date


$ 0.69

 


$

1.75

 

Expected term (years)



1.8

 


 

2.8

 

Volatility



77

%


 

75

%

Market yield (range)



44.3 to 43.9

%


 

37.1 to 0

%

Risk free rate



4.4

 %


 

1.0

%

Issue date

October 5, 2021


October 5, 2021
Maturity date

October 5, 2024


October 5, 2024

Fair Value Measurement – Private Warrants


For the Private Warrants, which are classified as derivative liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets and measured at fair value categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, the following is a reconciliation of the fair values for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:  



Year Ended December 31,

2022

2021

Fair value balance at beginning of period

$

63,178



$ 311,376

Change in fair value reported in the statements of operations

 

(63,178

)

(248,198 )

Fair value balance at end of period

$



$ 63,178


 

We utilized a binomial lattice model, which incorporates significant inputs, specifically the expected volatility, that are not observable in the market, and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined in GAAP. The unobservable inputs utilized for measuring the fair value of the Private Warrants reflect our estimates regarding the assumptions that market participants would use in valuing the 2019 Public Warrants as of the end of the reporting periods.


We recognize changes to the derivative liability against earnings or loss each reporting period. Upon exercise of the Private Warrants, holders will receive a delivery of Akerna shares on a net or gross share basis per the terms of the Private Warrants and any exercise will reclassify the Private Warrants, at the time of exercise, to stockholders’ equity to reflect the equity transaction.  There are no periodic settlements prior to the holder exercising the Private Warrants. There were no transfers in or out of Level 3 from other levels for the fair value hierarchy. 

 

We estimated the fair value by using the following key inputs: 




As of December 31,

Fair Value Assumptions - Private Warrants

 

2022

 

 

2021

 

Number of Private Warrants

  


225,635

  

  


225,635

  

Exercise price, as adjusted for the Reverse Stock Split

 

$

230.00

 

 

$

230.00

 

Value of Common Stock on measurement date

 

$

0.69

 

 

$

1.75

 

Expected term (years)

 

 

1.46

 

 

 

2.46

 

Volatility

 

 

NM


 

 

85.8

%

Risk free rate

 

 

NM


 

 

0.8

%


Fair Value Measurement – 2022 Unit Offering Common and Underwriter Warrants 


The fair value of the Common Warrants and Underwriter Warrants issued in connection with the 2022 Unit Offering represent a measurement within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and were estimated based on the following key inputs as of the date of the 2022 Unit Offering: 


Fair Value Assumptions - 2022 Common and Underwriter Warrants
July 5, 2022

Exercise price as adjusted for the Reverse Stock Split $ 4.60
Expected term (years)
5.0
Volatility
136.9 %


We utilized a Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model, which incorporates significant inputs, specifically the expected volatility, that are not observable in the market, and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined in GAAP. The unobservable inputs utilized for measuring the fair value of the Common and Underwriter Warrants reflect our estimates regarding the assumptions that market participants would have used in valuing the Warrants as of the date of the 2022 Unit Offering or July 5, 2022. The fair value of the Common Warrants and Underwriter Warrants was recorded in equity as a component of the net proceeds received from the 2022 Unit Offering (see Note 13).